Papilio machaon aliaska Scudder, 1869
(Old World Swallowtail)

Pinned Specimens photo collection:

Distribution and Larval Foodplants:
 

Synonymy

(From: A Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada, Jonathan P. Pelham)

Genus Papilio Linnaeus, 1758

Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1: 458. Type-species: Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1: 462, no. 27, by designation of Latreille (1810), Consid. gén. Anim. Crust. Arach. Ins.: 350, 440. I.C.Z.N. Opinion 278 placed this name on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology as name no. 703. The generic and subgeneric arrangement follows J. Miller (1987), Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 186(4): 365-512.

Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758

Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1: 462, no. 27; referred to many earlier authors.

Original Combination: P[apilio]. E[ques Achivus] Machaon

Type Locality: “Europae”

Types: Lectotype in LSUK, designated by Honey and Scoble (2001), Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 132(3): 344.

I.C.Z.N. Opinion 278 placed this name on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology as name no. 107. Most of the Palaearctic synonymy is not listed. The evidence that machaon and bairdii are conspecific is compelling to many authors; see Scott (1986), Butts. N. Am.: 164-170, no. 5; Sperling (1987), Quaest. Entomol. 23(2): 198-315, (1993), Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can. 165: 233-242, and Sperling and Harrison (1994), Evolution 48(2): 408-422.

            =    reginae Retzius, 1783

Gen. Spec. Ins.: 30, no. 5; cited de Geer (1771), Mém. Hist. Ins. 2: 185, pl. 1, figs. 2, 3, and Papilio machaon Linnaeus (1758), Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1: 462, no. 27.

Original Combination: P[apilio]. Reginae

Type Locality: Not stated.

Types: Type(s), if they existed, are probably lost.

                   =    ‡umbellatarum Fabricius, 1938

In: Bryk, Syst. Glossat.: 46-47, no. 98; cited Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1: 462, no. 27.

Original Combination: P[apilio]. A[chivus]. Umbellatarum

Proposed as a replacement name for machaon based upon a foodplant; a junior objective synonym of machaon.

Papilio machaon aliaska Scudder, 1869

Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 12: 407.

Original Combination: Papilio Aliaska

Type Locality: “most of them at Nulato...others...at a short distance below the Ramparts, and also just above them” “cañons, commencing two hundred miles below Fort Yukon” [Alaska]

Types: Syntype (#2144) in MCZ.

Eitschberger (1993), Atalanta (Münnerstadt) 24(1/2): 30, figs. 27, 34-38, 46, treated this as a species-level taxon, with hudsonianus and pikei as subspecies.

                   =    joannisi Verity, [1907]

Rhop. palae. (1): 12 [31 Dec 1908]; (7/8): pl. 10, fig. 16 ♂ D (not fig. 17) [28 Feb 1907]; (30-36): ind. syst.: xiv [31 Oct 1911]

Original Combination: P[apilio] machaon var. joannisi

Type Locality: “l’Alaska” implied from the text, “Nulato, Alaska” from the legend to plate 10.

Types: Syntype in MZS.

Considered available from the date and original combination on the legend to plate 10.

                   =    petersii A. Clark, 1932

Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 81(2934): 8-9, pl. 4, figs. 1 ♂ D, 2 ♂ V (holotype), pl. 5, fig. 3 ♂ D, pl. 6, fig. 3 ♂ V.

Original Combination: Papilio machaon petersii

Type Locality: “Koyukuk River, central Alaska (lat. 67^o-69^o N., long. 151^o W)”

Types: Holotype (#34479) in USNM.

Bibliography

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